Penalty

《周本纪》

诸侯有不睦者，甫侯言于王，作修刑辟。王曰：“吁，来！有国有土，告汝祥刑。在今尔安百姓，何则非其人，何敬非其刑，何居非其宜与？两造俱备，师听五辞。五辞简信，正于五刑。五刑不简，正于五罚。五罚不服，正于五过。五过之疵，官狱内狱，阅实其罪，惟均其过。五刑之疑有赦，五罚之疑有赦，其审克之。简信有众，惟讯有稽。无简不疑，共严天威。黥辟疑赦，其罚百率，阅实其罪。鼻辟疑赦，其罚倍厉，阅实其罪。墨罚之属千，鼻罚之属千，髌罚之属五百，宫罚之属三百，大辟之罚其属二百：五刑之属三千。”命曰甫刑。

《吕刑》郑玄疏曰：死刑是罪之大者，故谓死刑为大辟。

This short document records the origin of criminal justice system in ancient Chinese kingdom Zhou, or the Zhou Clan. Most violations of laws at that moment can be generalized into two categories, one is doing bad things to other people, the other is staying in the place which does not suit you. The place could be some spot, also can be a collection of things, positions that you should not have done. They are simple, easy, and clear definitions, though a bit too simple. 

 The whole system is consist of four successive levels of penalty. Ci, Xing, Fa, Guo. In accordance with the criminal's specific case, different types of punishment including tattooing your guilt on the cheek, nose cut, patella cut, penis cut, and death will be applied. 

Something notable: Among all the guilt leading a person to the sentence of death, one was treating parents badly.