趙高說二世曰：「先帝臨制天下久，故群臣不敢為非，進邪說。今陛下富於春秋，初即位，柰何與公卿廷決事？事即有誤，示群臣短也。天子稱朕，固不聞聲。」於是二世常居禁中，與高決諸事。其後公卿希得朝見，盜賊益多，而關中卒發東擊盜者毋已。右丞相去疾、左丞相斯、將軍馮劫進諫曰：「關東群盜并起，秦發兵誅擊，所殺亡甚眾，然猶不止。盜多，皆以戌漕轉作事苦，賦稅大也。請且止阿房宮作者，減省四邊戍轉。」二世曰：「吾聞之韓子曰：『堯舜采椽不刮，凡所為貴有天下者，得肆意極欲，主重茅茨不翦，飯土塯，啜土形，雖監門之養，不觳於此。禹鑿龍門，通大夏，決河亭水，放之海，身自持筑臿，脛毋毛，臣虜之勞不烈於此矣。』明法，下不敢為非，以制御海內矣。夫虞、夏之主，貴為天子，親處窮苦之實，以徇百姓，尚何於法？朕尊萬乘，毋其實，吾欲造千乘之駕，萬乘之屬，充吾號名。且先帝起諸侯，兼天下，天下已定，外攘四夷以安邊竟，作宮室以章得意，而君觀先帝功業有緒。今朕即位二年之閒，群盜并起，君不能禁，又欲罷先帝之所為，是上毋以報先帝，次不為朕盡忠力，何以在位？」下去疾、斯、劫吏，案責他罪。去疾、劫曰：「將相不辱。」自殺。斯卒囚，就五刑。(秦始皇本纪)
I have been playing statistics with Stata and SAS for two weeks. And for now I really want to try interpreting this story into programming commands.
* Step 1: this step shows how an eunuch seize the throne from the silly king peacefully. All variables include: eunuch, king, secretaries, palace, rebels ///
replace king = eunuch
list secretaries, detail
drop if != var eunuch
clear
generate new = palace
drop_all if != palace
regress king secretaries if rebels != 0
drop palace if secretaries=0 & rebels>0
corr eunuch king rebels, cov
Capture
Clear
Execute quietly
End of do_file ///
I am really a genius.
Saturday, September 15, 2012
Monday, September 3, 2012
Penalty
《周本纪》
诸侯有不睦者，甫侯言于王，作修刑辟。王曰：“吁，来！有国有土，告汝祥刑。在今尔安百姓，何则非其人，何敬非其刑，何居非其宜与？两造俱备，师听五辞。五辞简信，正于五刑。五刑不简，正于五罚。五罚不服，正于五过。五过之疵，官狱内狱，阅实其罪，惟均其过。五刑之疑有赦，五罚之疑有赦，其审克之。简信有众，惟讯有稽。无简不疑，共严天威。黥辟疑赦，其罚百率，阅实其罪。鼻辟疑赦，其罚倍厉，阅实其罪。墨罚之属千，鼻罚之属千，髌罚之属五百，宫罚之属三百，大辟之罚其属二百：五刑之属三千。”命曰甫刑。
《吕刑》郑玄疏曰：死刑是罪之大者，故谓死刑为大辟。
This short document records the origin of criminal justice system in ancient Chinese kingdom Zhou, or the Zhou Clan. Most violations of laws at that moment can be generalized into two categories, one is doing bad things to other people, the other is staying in the place which does not suit you. The place could be some spot, also can be a collection of things, positions that you should not have done. They are simple, easy, and clear definitions, though a bit too simple.
The whole system is consist of four successive levels of penalty. Ci, Xing, Fa, Guo. In accordance with the criminal's specific case, different types of punishment including tattooing your guilt on the cheek, nose cut, patella cut, penis cut, and death will be applied.
Something notable: Among all the guilt leading a person to the sentence of death, one was treating parents badly.
诸侯有不睦者，甫侯言于王，作修刑辟。王曰：“吁，来！有国有土，告汝祥刑。在今尔安百姓，何则非其人，何敬非其刑，何居非其宜与？两造俱备，师听五辞。五辞简信，正于五刑。五刑不简，正于五罚。五罚不服，正于五过。五过之疵，官狱内狱，阅实其罪，惟均其过。五刑之疑有赦，五罚之疑有赦，其审克之。简信有众，惟讯有稽。无简不疑，共严天威。黥辟疑赦，其罚百率，阅实其罪。鼻辟疑赦，其罚倍厉，阅实其罪。墨罚之属千，鼻罚之属千，髌罚之属五百，宫罚之属三百，大辟之罚其属二百：五刑之属三千。”命曰甫刑。
《吕刑》郑玄疏曰：死刑是罪之大者，故谓死刑为大辟。
This short document records the origin of criminal justice system in ancient Chinese kingdom Zhou, or the Zhou Clan. Most violations of laws at that moment can be generalized into two categories, one is doing bad things to other people, the other is staying in the place which does not suit you. The place could be some spot, also can be a collection of things, positions that you should not have done. They are simple, easy, and clear definitions, though a bit too simple.
The whole system is consist of four successive levels of penalty. Ci, Xing, Fa, Guo. In accordance with the criminal's specific case, different types of punishment including tattooing your guilt on the cheek, nose cut, patella cut, penis cut, and death will be applied.
Something notable: Among all the guilt leading a person to the sentence of death, one was treating parents badly.
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